During the administration of President James Monroe, the White House was refurbished with a French influence, including French wallpaper and furniture. Monroe, who had previously served as Minister to France, wanted to give the White House the sophistication of French executive residents. The White House today, and in particular the Blue Room, still retains the influence of James Monroe.

During the administration of President James Madison, the White House was burnt by the British on August 24, 1814 - during the War of 1812. The only thing to survive was the exterior walls and the Gilbert Stuart painting of George Washington saved by Dolley Madison. Afterwards, many members of Congress wanted to move the nation's capitol elsewhere, but James Madison insisted upon the rebuilding of the White House.

Above is a sketch of James Hoban's design for the initial White House.